Bronze is made of bronze (copper and tin alloy) made of a variety of instruments, was born in the Bronze Age civilization. As the bronze appeared throughout the world, it is also a universal symbol of civilization. The earliest bronze appeared in about 5,000 years to 6,000 years in Mesopotamia West Asia region. Sumerian civilization during the large-scale image of a lion carved copper knife is representative of the early bronze. 2000 years ago in the bronze gradually replaced by the iron. Chinese bronzes beautifully produced, bronzes in the world called the highest artistic value. Chinese bronzes represent China in the Qin Dynasty superb technology and culture.
Bronze (qīngtóngqì) mainly refers to the pre-Qin period, with artifacts made of copper-tin alloy, bronze referred to as "bronze." Including a cooking device, food, wine, water heaters, musical instruments, traveling ornaments, bronze mirrors, hook, weapons, tools and measuring instruments, etc. Popular in the late Neolithic to the Han Dynasty, the most beautiful objects in the Shang and Zhou. Initially there is the small tools or accessories. Xia Dynasty bronze vessels and weapons before. Commercial medium, bronze varieties have been very rich, and there are inscriptions and fine patterns. Late to early Western Zhou business is the development of bronze heyday-type variety, vigorous dignified, inscriptions gradually lengthened, patterns harassment Wealthy. Subsequently, the bronze matrix began to thin, ornamentation gradually simplified. The late Spring and Autumn Warring States Period, due to promote the use of iron, copper tools less and less. Qin and Han Dynasty, with the porcelain and lacquerware into everyday life, reduced copper container species, simply decorated, mostly plain, thin matrix and more. Ancient Chinese bronzes, is our ancestor's great contribution to human material, although the archaeological data from the current point of view, the emergence of Chinese bronzes, later than some other parts of the world, but on the scale of the use of bronze casting process , plastic arts and varieties, the world is not a place of bronze can be compared with the ancient Chinese bronzes. This is the ancient Chinese bronzes in the world, occupies a unique position in art history and attracted widespread attention to one of the reasons.
Bronze color when to do it is really very beautiful, the soil is golden yellow, because buried in the earth a little bit rusty it becomes green. Since bronze is entirely made by hand so no two are exactly alike, each one is unique, unique in the world.
Friday, December 30, 2011
Some still in the abdomen next to the ears
Ding equivalent to the current pot, cook or contained fish with. Mostly round belly, ears, three-legged, there are four feet square tripod.
Ge (li, audio and calendar) with cooking: usually extravagant mouth, three empty enough.
Earthenware vessel (yan, audio and speech) is equivalent to the present steamer. Full control points on the two parts, the upper part of the steamer, home food; the lower part of the Ge, home water. There is a steamer between the copper and Ge, called Pai. On the cross through the steam holes or straight holes.
Gui (guǐ) bronze inscriptions as "destroyed", equivalent to the current bowl, hold rice used. Usually round belly, extravagant mouth, ring foot, two ears. Bronze basket used in state worship (fu, sound just) old books in the writing, "Hu" or "coral." Bowl with. Rectangular, extraoral luxury, four short feet, covered.
Basket used in state worship (fǔ) rectangular, extraoral luxury, four short feet. Covered, cover, devices of the same size, combined to become one, open, compared with the same two devices in the study on ancient artifacts known as "it up" or "is set." Device in the basket used in state worship classics as "Hu" or "coral."
Xu (xǔ) containing millet, millet, rice, sorghum use. Oval, grabbing the mouth, two ears, ring foot, covered.
London (duì) containing millet, millet, rice, sorghum use. Three short feet, round belly, Ring ears covered. London is also spherical.
Beans food containing meat of a class used. On the plate, under a long grip, a ring foot, more than covered.
Wine
Jazz, drinking device. Equivalent to future generations of glass. Pour the wine in front of a round belly with the flow, after the tail, next to the Pan (handle), the mouth has two columns, there are three sharp pupil.
Corner drinking device. Shape of the MG, both before and after the end, no two columns. Some covered.
"Book of Rites ritual," said: "Ancestral Rite", "Venerable give goblet, British Columbia who give corners." The occasion of the development of the Shang and Zhou fine style ritual, popular in the mid-week before, after began to decline.
"Kao Gong Ji Zi" and cited "Han poem" goes: "one l said Jue, two liters said Gu, three liters said goblet, four liters said angle, said scattered five liters." So that the angle and the MG's capacity with a ratio of four. Shape and angle of column-free like the Jazz, but flow with the tip and tail shape. Since the Song, MG-shaped set with no flow and the two wings were as if the tail angle.
Jade cup with ears (jiǎ) temperature wine. Shaped like Jazz, a three-legged, two columns, a Pan.
Gu (gū) drinking device. Long body, extravagant mouth, trumpet-shaped mouth and at the end showed. Bronze goblet's shape is a circular foot, trumpet container, often a goblet body protruding lower abdomen, near the ring foot at the edge with the two gates of a decoration. Business early and mid-shapes the lower, circular foot, the "cross-hole." Late to early Western Zhou business slender shape, write outside the mouth, full lines are very beautiful, complex and luxurious decoration.
Goblet (zhì) drinking device. Round belly, extravagant mouth, ring foot, the shape of the vial, most covered.
SI Gong (sìgōng) hold wine or drinking device. Abdomen oval or square belly, ring foot or four feet, there is flow and Pan, beast or like head covers made of shape.
Zun Sheng wine. Shape of the goblet, the central thick, small diameter, there are square.
Respect for the body of large or medium-sized high capacity of wine. Chun and Yi, is used for ritual ceremonies of the common name refers to a group of ceremonial vessels, rather than a ritual of proper names. Zun Yi have their use, but even with each other, said only that they are particularly important in the ritual wine vessel Sheng, also represents a corresponding ritual. "Zhou Shou Palace" recorded bare ceremony (filling in the rituals of ancient Zhuojiu) with Yi, towards the practice with respect to matters. Popular in the Shang and Zhou respect, because of their special status, not only the Han Dynasty followed, even to the Song Huizong years are still making, "Vision and respect for three years."
Bronze wine container (yǒu) Shing wine (wine is filled the main one). General shape of the elliptical mouth, belly, ring foot, covered and beam lifting, abdominal or round or oval or square, but also for cylindrical, owl-shaped humanoid or tiger food.
He (hé) containing wine, drinks or utensils to reconcile the ancients. Generally deep round mouth, covered, before flow, after Pan, there are three feet or four feet, between the chain cover and Pan connected.
Fang Yi Sheng wine. High-side body, covered, covered the shape of the roof, and there is button. Some still with Gu Yi Fang edge. Abdominal music, there are straight, some still in the abdomen next to the ears.
Spoon to take wine. Generally for a short cylindrical, next to the handle.
Ge (li, audio and calendar) with cooking: usually extravagant mouth, three empty enough.
Earthenware vessel (yan, audio and speech) is equivalent to the present steamer. Full control points on the two parts, the upper part of the steamer, home food; the lower part of the Ge, home water. There is a steamer between the copper and Ge, called Pai. On the cross through the steam holes or straight holes.
Gui (guǐ) bronze inscriptions as "destroyed", equivalent to the current bowl, hold rice used. Usually round belly, extravagant mouth, ring foot, two ears. Bronze basket used in state worship (fu, sound just) old books in the writing, "Hu" or "coral." Bowl with. Rectangular, extraoral luxury, four short feet, covered.
Basket used in state worship (fǔ) rectangular, extraoral luxury, four short feet. Covered, cover, devices of the same size, combined to become one, open, compared with the same two devices in the study on ancient artifacts known as "it up" or "is set." Device in the basket used in state worship classics as "Hu" or "coral."
Xu (xǔ) containing millet, millet, rice, sorghum use. Oval, grabbing the mouth, two ears, ring foot, covered.
London (duì) containing millet, millet, rice, sorghum use. Three short feet, round belly, Ring ears covered. London is also spherical.
Beans food containing meat of a class used. On the plate, under a long grip, a ring foot, more than covered.
Wine
Jazz, drinking device. Equivalent to future generations of glass. Pour the wine in front of a round belly with the flow, after the tail, next to the Pan (handle), the mouth has two columns, there are three sharp pupil.
Corner drinking device. Shape of the MG, both before and after the end, no two columns. Some covered.
"Book of Rites ritual," said: "Ancestral Rite", "Venerable give goblet, British Columbia who give corners." The occasion of the development of the Shang and Zhou fine style ritual, popular in the mid-week before, after began to decline.
"Kao Gong Ji Zi" and cited "Han poem" goes: "one l said Jue, two liters said Gu, three liters said goblet, four liters said angle, said scattered five liters." So that the angle and the MG's capacity with a ratio of four. Shape and angle of column-free like the Jazz, but flow with the tip and tail shape. Since the Song, MG-shaped set with no flow and the two wings were as if the tail angle.
Jade cup with ears (jiǎ) temperature wine. Shaped like Jazz, a three-legged, two columns, a Pan.
Gu (gū) drinking device. Long body, extravagant mouth, trumpet-shaped mouth and at the end showed. Bronze goblet's shape is a circular foot, trumpet container, often a goblet body protruding lower abdomen, near the ring foot at the edge with the two gates of a decoration. Business early and mid-shapes the lower, circular foot, the "cross-hole." Late to early Western Zhou business slender shape, write outside the mouth, full lines are very beautiful, complex and luxurious decoration.
Goblet (zhì) drinking device. Round belly, extravagant mouth, ring foot, the shape of the vial, most covered.
SI Gong (sìgōng) hold wine or drinking device. Abdomen oval or square belly, ring foot or four feet, there is flow and Pan, beast or like head covers made of shape.
Zun Sheng wine. Shape of the goblet, the central thick, small diameter, there are square.
Respect for the body of large or medium-sized high capacity of wine. Chun and Yi, is used for ritual ceremonies of the common name refers to a group of ceremonial vessels, rather than a ritual of proper names. Zun Yi have their use, but even with each other, said only that they are particularly important in the ritual wine vessel Sheng, also represents a corresponding ritual. "Zhou Shou Palace" recorded bare ceremony (filling in the rituals of ancient Zhuojiu) with Yi, towards the practice with respect to matters. Popular in the Shang and Zhou respect, because of their special status, not only the Han Dynasty followed, even to the Song Huizong years are still making, "Vision and respect for three years."
Bronze wine container (yǒu) Shing wine (wine is filled the main one). General shape of the elliptical mouth, belly, ring foot, covered and beam lifting, abdominal or round or oval or square, but also for cylindrical, owl-shaped humanoid or tiger food.
He (hé) containing wine, drinks or utensils to reconcile the ancients. Generally deep round mouth, covered, before flow, after Pan, there are three feet or four feet, between the chain cover and Pan connected.
Fang Yi Sheng wine. High-side body, covered, covered the shape of the roof, and there is button. Some still with Gu Yi Fang edge. Abdominal music, there are straight, some still in the abdomen next to the ears.
Spoon to take wine. Generally for a short cylindrical, next to the handle.
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